Table 3 Means and comparison of LCA variables across four classes (N = 270)
| Risk factors | Overall mean |
Class 1 (n = 119) |
Class 2 (n = 70) |
Class 3 (n = 49) |
Class 4 (n = 32) | Wald | p | Post hoc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hyperactivity | 1.03 | 1.14 | .80 | .97 | 1.25 | 5.59 | .140 | – |
| Cognitive impairment | .24 | .27 | .30 | .21 | .01 | 1.79 | .620 | – |
| History of drug abuse | 1.12 | 1.51 | 1.46 | .18 | .47 | 26.88 | .000 | 1,2 > 3,4 |
| Exposure to violence in the home | .43 | .14 | .82 | .08 | 1.32 | 26.01 | .000 | 2,4 > 1; 4 > 3 |
| Childhood history of maltreatment | .74 | .19 | 1.55 | .22 | 1.78 | 14.06 | .003 | 2,4 > 1,3 |
| Criminal behaviour of family members | .44 | .17 | 1.00 | .17 | .61 | 21.47 | .000 | 2,4 > 1; 2 > 3 |
| Peer rejection | .72 | .55 | .72 | 1.31 | .40 | 16.40 | .001 | 3 > 1,2,4 |
| Involvement in criminal environment | .78 | .95 | 1.30 | .04 | .31 | 23.76 | .000 | 1,2 > 3,4; 2 > 1 |
| Lack of secondary network | 1.38 | 1.27 | 1.82 | 1.30 | .95 | 13.01 | .005 | 2 > 1,3,4 |
| Low academic achievement | .54 | .55 | .39 | .71 | .58 | 31.9 | .36 | – |
| Truancy | 1.42 | 1.67 | 1.41 | .95 | 1.25 | 15.81 | .001 | 1,2 > 3; 1 > 4 |